The trend of manufacturing transfer is closely related to the future and destiny of the country
Published:
2020-11-10
The trend of manufacturing transfer is closely related to the future and destiny of the country. There have been four large-scale manufacturing migrations within the scope, and innovation factors are an important driving force for the large-scale manufacturing migration. At present, the reality facing manufacturing upgrades and migration is the decline in total factor productivity.
The trend of manufacturing transfer is closely related to the future and destiny of the country. There have been four large-scale manufacturing migrations within the scope, and innovation factors are an important driving force for the large-scale manufacturing migration. At present, the reality facing manufacturing upgrades and migration is the decline in total factor productivity.
It is generally believed that there have been four large-scale manufacturing migrations within the scope
For the first time at the beginning of the 20th century, the UK shifted part of its “excess production capacity”;
For the second time, in the 1950s, traditional industries such as steel and textiles were transferred to defeated countries such as Japan and Germany;
For the third time, from the 1960s to the 1970s, Japan and Germany transferred labor-intensive processing industries such as light industry and textiles to the "Four Little Dragons" in Asia and some pull homes;
For the fourth time, in the early 1980s, developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan, and newly industrialized countries such as the "Four Little Dragons" in Asia, transferred labor-intensive industries and low-tech and high-consumption industries to developing countries. Gradually become the undertaking and beneficiary of the third world industrial transfer.
: Innovate manufacturing process to undertake, manufacturing transfer
The process of undertaking the transfer of production capacity and realizing the rise of the manufacturing industry is very long. Even if it has 7 of the world's 10 large-scale industrial enterprises around 1850, it does not mean that it has truly become a manufacturing power. In the industry and technology competition, the manufacturing industry did not stand on the top of the undisputed world until around 1920, mainly due to the comprehensive innovation on the manufacturing and product ends.
In the early 20th century, great inventions and great companies flashed everywhere. Ford’s Model T and Cadillac’s electronic starting device opened up the era of human cars. Warner Bros’ "Jazz Singer" drove the prosperity of sound movies. Stainless steel and man-made Gum reshaped the manufacturing industry, and the industrial infrastructure of telephones and electrification was fully upgraded.
In particular, the large-scale promotion of assembly line production methods and large-scale mass production can not only dilute fixed costs, but also bring a large number of engineers together to engage in technology research and development, which greatly promotes technological innovation. At that time, the organization of British factories was relatively traditional, and small and medium-sized workshops were the favorite of British society, but such enterprises could not achieve economies of scale and systematic R&D innovation.
By the 1920s, the gap between Britain and the manufacturing sector was huge. At that time, data showed that R&D expenditures accounted for 2.5% of the national output, compared with only 2% in the United Kingdom during the same period; civil engineers accounted for 13% of the total employment population, a substantial 5% of the United Kingdom. In 1929, the three pillar industries of the British economy were railway shipping, tobacco and alcohol, and textiles. The top three dominant industries were agricultural equipment and construction machinery, vehicles and aircraft, steel and non-ferrous metals. Britain, a major industrial country that is aspiring to compete, has sunk to rely on tobacco and alcohol to survive.
Keyword:
Recommended News
No. 9 Anju Road, Jiaming Economic Development Zone, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province
Official WeChat
